Importance of Natural Resources

The most important natural resources are land, water, forest, sun, wildlife, air, mountain and minerals. People use these resources for their existence on the earth. Land supports the life system and we grow rice crop, maize crop, vegetables, fruit, etc. on land. We get wood for furniture, buildings and fuel, fodders for animals, medicical plants from the forest. Wildlife and domestic animals and birds also depend on the vegetation of the land. All living creatures aslo depend on natural resources for their survival, reproduction, growth and development. Water supports the life system of human beings, vegetation, animals and birds, living creatures and wildlife. Similarly, forest resources, wild life resources, pasture land resources and mineral resources are essential for our welfare, development and prosperity.

chitwan National park

Chitwan is one of the best plces for birding. Also popular for sighting wildlife, there are well organised Jungle lodges both inside and outside the Chitwan National Park. Sal forest, riverine forest and grassland cover much of the park while the three rivers Narayan, Rapti and Reu from the boundary making the area ideal as a habitat for birds. Chitwan lies in the lowlands known as the terai and can be reached by air or by road. It lies 120 km south west of kathmandu. A naturalist guide will accompany visitors through the park. An incredible variety of birds are found within the forest, grassland and along the rivers. Goin alone into the forest is dangerous as it is full of wild animals like tigers, rhinos and wild boar. Reptiles like crocodiles and pythons are also found in chitwan . Some of the birds seen here are Cormorants, Lesser Adjutant Stork, Blue Indain Roller, Hornbills, Storkbilled Kingfishers, Grey-headed Eagles, Ruby CheekedSunbird, Bengal Florican, Large-tailed Night jar, Asian Paradise Flycatcher, Bee-eaters and Lesser Florican etc. More than 500 species have been recorded in Chitwan alone.

Interrelationship among Population, Environment and Development

Man gets all his necessary elements from the environment. There are variations in population growth, poverty, economic means and distribution of resources. Due to these reasons, natural resources are excessively utilized. While conducting development activities, man should not forget his responsibility to conserve environment. Therefore, while planning the patterns of development, man shouls not forget his existence and understanding between environment and development activities. The figure below explains the relationship among population, environment and development activities.

Populaiton, Environment and Development Activities

Populaiton environment and development are complementary to each ther. Environment is a vague and complex aspect. Man is also a part of it. Therefore, man has to keep the interrelationship among population, development and environment in a balanced way considering the development of presents and coming generation. It is possible only when man uses his rights rationally and conducts development works.

Effects of Development works and Industrial Development on the Environment

Small and large- scale activities are included in development works. The construction of small roads, culverts and building of small houses are regarded as small- scale development works. Similarly, construction of large roads and hydroelectricity and irrigation projects are the large-scale development activities. In the same way, the social works sucha s establishment of schools and health services are also the campaigns of development works. Development works conducted in an industrialized country are associated with the environment. On the one hand, people get advantage from these works while on the other hand some negative effects on environmental sectors are also created. Such negative effects can be lessened through the managment of necessary means, resources and machines. The effects of development works and industrial development on environment are described here.

Types of Industries

The industries can be classifies on the basis of capital investment, fuel consumption production and use of technology. The classification of industries is described below:
a) Cottage industries:-
The traditional industries based on local raw materials and associated with labour, customs, atrs and culture are categorized as cottage industries. Handlooms, dying, printing, stitching and weaving, the production of rugs, handicrafts etc. are the examples of cottage industries.
b) Small scale industries:-
Various types of industries that need the asset of at least ten million rupess are categorized in this group.
c) Medium scale industries:-
In this category, the industries with a permanent asset from Rs.10 million to 50 million are included. Any type of industry within this investment is included in this group.
d) Large scale industries:-

If the industry has a permanent asset of Rs.50 million or more than that is identified as a large-scale industry.

Types of Industries